• Surface Hardness,
• Wear Resistance and;
• Fatigue Resistance

• Jominy End Quench

• Increasing the Mn content increases the hardenability of the steel but not the maximum hardness achieved. 
• Controlled additions of alloying elements such as Cr, Ni, B and Mo can be used to increase the hardenability of a steel such that martensite can be obtained on air cooling of a 10mm bar.

• Nitriding grades of steel must contain strong nitride forming elements such as Cr, Al and / or V. 
• Induction hardening is a versatile technique allowing a range of compositions to be hardened to a range of case depths with little distortion produced.

Heat treatment procedure to obtain >500HV and case depth of 0.6 mm for a 0.2 % C, 1.1% Mn, 1.1% Cr steel:

• Gaseous carburising at 950°C for 4 hours